ReadmitRisk Executive Report - Geographic Analysis

State-by-State Hospital Readmission Rates and CMS Penalty Assessment

Data Source: CMS Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) public data. State-level aggregations of hospital performance metrics and Medicare penalty assessments. Data represents national hospital benchmarking for readmission quality measures.

51
States Analyzed
4,692
Total Hospitals
14.6%
National Avg Readmission Rate
$153M
Est. Total Annual Penalties

Executive Summary

This geographic analysis examines hospital readmission rates and CMS penalties across all 50 US states plus DC. The analysis reveals significant regional variation in readmission performance, with certain states consistently showing elevated rates that drive CMS penalty exposure.

Critical Finding

The Southeast and Appalachian regions show the highest concentration of readmission risk. Louisiana (17.8%), West Virginia (17.6%), and Mississippi (17.1%) lead the nation in readmission rates, collectively representing $18.1M in estimated CMS penalties.

National Overview

4,692
Total Hospitals Tracked
14.6%
Mean Readmission Rate
1.8%
Avg CMS Penalty %
$153M
Total Penalty Exposure

Top 10 States by Readmission Rate

Rank State Avg Readmission Rate Hospital Count Avg Penalty % Est. Total Penalties
1 Louisiana 17.8% 109 1.94% $9,333,648
2 West Virginia 17.6% 55 1.88% $3,411,907
3 Mississippi 17.1% 83 1.85% $5,312,423
4 Oklahoma 16.8% 112 1.68% $4,469,212
5 Kentucky 16.1% 96 2.05% $9,231,976
6 Alabama 16.0% 98 2.11% $9,437,750
7 Maryland 16.0% 47 1.70% $2,726,538
8 Missouri 16.0% 113 1.46% $4,391,642
9 Tennessee 16.0% 116 1.12% $3,452,958
10 New York 15.9% 183 1.69% $9,471,439

Best Performing States (Lowest Readmission Rates)

Rank State Avg Readmission Rate Hospital Count Avg Penalty %
1 Hawaii 11.8% 14 0.42%
2 Idaho 12.4% 23 0.68%
3 Utah 12.7% 41 0.81%
4 Oregon 13.1% 58 1.02%
5 Washington 13.3% 87 1.15%

Regional Patterns

Southeast/Appalachian Region

States: Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee

Characteristics:

  • Highest readmission rates nationally (16-18%)
  • Elevated chronic disease burden (diabetes, COPD, heart failure)
  • Rural healthcare access challenges
  • Higher uninsured/Medicaid populations

Opportunity: Targeted regional quality improvement collaboratives could yield significant penalty reduction.

West Coast/Mountain Region

States: Hawaii, Idaho, Utah, Oregon, Washington

Characteristics:

  • Lowest readmission rates nationally (11.8-13.3%)
  • Strong primary care infrastructure
  • Lower chronic disease prevalence
  • Integrated health systems (Kaiser, Intermountain)

Best Practices: Study transitional care programs and care coordination models from these states.

CMS Penalty Analysis

The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) reduces Medicare payments to hospitals with excess readmissions. Penalties can reach up to 3% of total Medicare reimbursements.

Penalty Distribution

Penalty Range Hospital Count % of Hospitals Avg Readmission Rate
No Penalty (0%) 876 18.7% 12.1%
Low (0.01-1.0%) 1,453 31.0% 13.8%
Moderate (1.0-2.0%) 1,687 35.9% 15.2%
High (2.0-3.0%) 676 14.4% 17.4%

Financial Impact

The 676 hospitals in the high-penalty tier (2-3%) face an estimated $47M in annual Medicare payment reductions. For a typical 300-bed hospital, this represents $70K-$150K in lost revenue annually.

State-Specific Opportunities

Louisiana ($9.3M Penalty Exposure)

Kentucky ($9.2M Penalty Exposure)

Alabama ($9.4M Penalty Exposure)

Recommended Actions for Health Systems

1. Benchmark Against Regional Leaders

Identify best-performing hospitals in your state and region. Study their care coordination models, discharge processes, and community partnerships.

2. Target High-Volume Conditions

HRRP penalizes readmissions for: Heart Failure, AMI, Pneumonia, COPD, Hip/Knee Replacement, CABG. Focus quality initiatives on these diagnoses.

3. Regional Quality Collaboratives

Join or establish state/regional hospital collaboratives to share best practices and negotiate group purchasing for care management technology.

4. Social Determinants Screening

Implement standardized screening for transportation, housing, food insecurity, and health literacy at discharge to enable targeted support.

Methodology Notes

Next Steps for Health Plans

  1. Provider Network Assessment: Map your in-network hospitals against state penalty tiers
  2. High-Penalty Hospital Engagement: Initiate quality improvement partnerships with penalized hospitals
  3. Member Attribution: Identify members discharged from high-readmission hospitals for proactive outreach
  4. Value-Based Contracting: Structure incentives to reward hospitals achieving below-benchmark readmission rates
  5. Care Management Expansion: Deploy care managers in geographic areas with highest penalty exposure